Russia becomes first country to recognise Taliban government of Afghanistan

Russia has formally recognized the Taliban-led government of Afghanistan, becoming the first country to do so since the group seized power in August 2021. The Russian Foreign Ministry announced on Thursday that it had accepted the credentials of the new Afghan ambassador, signaling official diplomatic recognition.

In a statement, Moscow expressed optimism about expanding ties with Kabul and reaffirmed its commitment to cooperation in security, counter-terrorism, and anti-narcotics operations. The ministry also highlighted potential for increased economic collaboration, particularly in sectors such as energy, transport, agriculture, and infrastructure.

"We believe that the official recognition of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan will serve as a catalyst for deepening bilateral cooperation in various areas," the ministry said.

Afghanistan’s acting Foreign Minister, Amir Khan Muttaqi, welcomed the move, calling it a “courageous step” and expressing hope that other nations would follow suit.

Despite the Taliban‍‍`s control of Afghanistan since the U.S.-led withdrawal, no other country has granted full diplomatic recognition. However, countries like China, the United Arab Emirates, Pakistan, and Uzbekistan have posted ambassadors to Kabul, indicating a gradual shift toward engagement.

Russia’s decision marks a significant milestone for the Taliban government, which has struggled with international isolation, financial sanctions, and a frozen central bank reserve under U.S. control.

Although Russia had designated the Taliban as a terrorist organization in 2003, that status was revoked in April 2025. The Kremlin now considers the Taliban a partner in fighting extremist groups in the region. President Vladimir Putin previously stated that cooperation with the Taliban was vital for regional security.

Since 2022, Afghanistan has been importing essential commodities such as oil, gas, and wheat from Russia. The relationship has grown more strategic amid concerns about threats from Islamic State Khorasan (ISIS-K), the Afghan branch of ISIS. Russian security concerns peaked after the deadly March 2024 concert hall attack in Moscow, which killed 149 people and was claimed by ISIS-K.

While the Taliban has pledged to combat ISIS within Afghanistan, Western nations continue to demand reforms—particularly regarding women’s rights—before considering formal recognition. The Taliban government has closed educational institutions to girls and restricted women’s mobility without a male guardian, citing its interpretation of Islamic law.

Russia’s move underscores its evolving strategy in the region, influenced by security interests and a desire to increase its geopolitical influence in Central Asia.